{"id":2294,"date":"2026-05-04T10:22:15","date_gmt":"2026-05-04T08:22:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/?p=2294"},"modified":"2026-05-04T11:04:24","modified_gmt":"2026-05-04T09:04:24","slug":"%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2294\" class=\"elementor elementor-2294 elementor-2286\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4439f43 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4439f43\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0f6ce e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6d0f6ce\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-094e19b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"094e19b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 -\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639&#8221;.<\/p><p>\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 UNCTAD\u060c \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f &#8220;\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0625\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a&#8221; \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627.<\/p><p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0637\u0629&#8221;.<\/p><p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646:<\/p><ul><li><strong>\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c<\/strong> \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li><li>\u0623\u0645\u0627 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1982\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/li><\/ul><p>\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646: <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0628\u0633\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. <strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p><p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 <strong>\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong> \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p><ul><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><ul><li>\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629<\/strong> \u0634\u0631\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646.<\/li><li>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 <strong>\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/strong> \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><ul><li>\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><ul><li>\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644.<\/li><\/ul><p>\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p><p>\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u063a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0646\u0636\u062c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634\u064a \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d.<\/p><p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 132\/2010.<\/p><p>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p><p>\u0648\u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3ae3a5 elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b3ae3a5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65e1b8e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"65e1b8e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jisrlaw.com\/\">jisr<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c70b1c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c70b1c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/licgez.org\/publications\/\">publications<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 -\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639&#8221;. \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":2292,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"coauthors":[26],"class_list":["post-2294","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-publications-ar"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 4.9.8 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 -\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u201d.\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. Bilal Akl Sandid\"\/>\n\t<meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"-ICK7lvVMp3msmLUOQyaq9X4M_DUGqCotpfmeUuqxZ0\" \/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO Pro (AIOSEO) 4.9.8\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"LICGEZ - Lebanese International Center For Governance of Economic Zones\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 - LICGEZ\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 -\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u201d.\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/licgez.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Licgez-LOGO.webp\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/licgez.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Licgez-LOGO.webp\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-05-04T08:22:15+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-05-04T09:04:24+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 - LICGEZ\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 -\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u201d.\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/licgez.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Licgez-LOGO.webp\" \/>\n\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"aioseo-schema\">\n\t\t\t{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"BlogPosting\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\\\/#blogposting\",\"name\":\"\\u062d\\u0648\\u0643\\u0645\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0646\\u0627\\u0637\\u0642 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0627\\u0642\\u062a\\u0635\\u0627\\u062f\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u062e\\u0627\\u0635\\u0629 \\u0648\\u0627\\u0644\\u062e\\u0627\\u0644\\u0635\\u0629: \\u0625\\u0637\\u0627\\u0631 \\u0645\\u062a\\u0643\\u0627\\u0645\\u0644 \\u0644\\u0636\\u0645\\u0627\\u0646 \\u0627\\u0644\\u062a\\u0646\\u0645\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0633\\u062a\\u062f\\u0627\\u0645\\u0629 \\u0648\\u0627\\u0644\\u0633\\u064a\\u0627\\u062f\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0627\\u0642\\u062a\\u0635\\u0627\\u062f\\u064a\\u0629 - LICGEZ\",\"headline\":\"\\u062d\\u0648\\u0643\\u0645\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0646\\u0627\\u0637\\u0642 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0627\\u0642\\u062a\\u0635\\u0627\\u062f\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u062e\\u0627\\u0635\\u0629 \\u0648\\u0627\\u0644\\u062e\\u0627\\u0644\\u0635\\u0629: \\u0625\\u0637\\u0627\\u0631 \\u0645\\u062a\\u0643\\u0627\\u0645\\u0644 \\u0644\\u0636\\u0645\\u0627\\u0646 \\u0627\\u0644\\u062a\\u0646\\u0645\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0633\\u062a\\u062f\\u0627\\u0645\\u0629 \\u0648\\u0627\\u0644\\u0633\\u064a\\u0627\\u062f\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0627\\u0642\\u062a\\u0635\\u0627\\u062f\\u064a\\u0629\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/author\\\/dr-bilal-akl-sandid\\\/#author\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Governance-of-Special-and-Exclusive-Economic-Zones.webp\",\"width\":1536,\"height\":1024,\"caption\":\"Governance of Special and Exclusive Economic Zones\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-05-04T10:22:15+02:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-05-04T11:04:24+02:00\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\\\/#webpage\"},\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\\\/#webpage\"},\"articleSection\":\"\\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0646\\u0634\\u0648\\u0631\\u0627\\u062a, \\u0627\\u062e\\u062a\\u064a\\u0627\\u0631\\u064a, Dr. Bilal Akl Sandid\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\\\/#breadcrumblist\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/#listItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/category\\\/publications-ar\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"\\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0646\\u0634\\u0648\\u0631\\u0627\\u062a\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/category\\\/publications-ar\\\/#listItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0646\\u0634\\u0648\\u0631\\u0627\\u062a\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/category\\\/publications-ar\\\/\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"\\u062d\\u0648\\u0643\\u0645\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0646\\u0627\\u0637\\u0642 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0627\\u0642\\u062a\\u0635\\u0627\\u062f\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u062e\\u0627\\u0635\\u0629 \\u0648\\u0627\\u0644\\u062e\\u0627\\u0644\\u0635\\u0629: \\u0625\\u0637\\u0627\\u0631 \\u0645\\u062a\\u0643\\u0627\\u0645\\u0644 \\u0644\\u0636\\u0645\\u0627\\u0646 \\u0627\\u0644\\u062a\\u0646\\u0645\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0633\\u062a\\u062f\\u0627\\u0645\\u0629 \\u0648\\u0627\\u0644\\u0633\\u064a\\u0627\\u062f\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0627\\u0642\\u062a\\u0635\\u0627\\u062f\\u064a\\u0629\"},\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"Home\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\\\/#listItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"\\u062d\\u0648\\u0643\\u0645\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0646\\u0627\\u0637\\u0642 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0627\\u0642\\u062a\\u0635\\u0627\\u062f\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u062e\\u0627\\u0635\\u0629 \\u0648\\u0627\\u0644\\u062e\\u0627\\u0644\\u0635\\u0629: \\u0625\\u0637\\u0627\\u0631 \\u0645\\u062a\\u0643\\u0627\\u0645\\u0644 \\u0644\\u0636\\u0645\\u0627\\u0646 \\u0627\\u0644\\u062a\\u0646\\u0645\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0633\\u062a\\u062f\\u0627\\u0645\\u0629 \\u0648\\u0627\\u0644\\u0633\\u064a\\u0627\\u062f\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0627\\u0642\\u062a\\u0635\\u0627\\u062f\\u064a\\u0629\",\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/category\\\/publications-ar\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"\\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0646\\u0634\\u0648\\u0631\\u0627\\u062a\"}}]},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"LICGEZ\",\"description\":\"The Lebanese International Center for Governance of Economic Zones (LICGEZ) is a specialized institution dedicated to promoting effective governance, transparency, and sustainability within Lebanon\\u2019s economic and special zones. Through policy support, legal research, capacity building, and stakeholder engagement, LICGEZ works to create an enabling environment that attracts investment, fosters inclusive growth, and ensures regulatory excellence across economic governance frameworks.\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/\",\"telephone\":\"+9616430980\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/Licgez-LOGO.webp\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\\\/#organizationLogo\",\"width\":2173,\"height\":623,\"caption\":\"Licgez-LOGO\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\\\/#organizationLogo\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/author\\\/dr-bilal-akl-sandid\\\/#author\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/author\\\/dr-bilal-akl-sandid\\\/\",\"name\":\"Dr. Bilal Akl Sandid\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\\\/#authorImage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/Bilal-A.-Sandid-96x96.webp\",\"width\":96,\"height\":96,\"caption\":\"Dr. Bilal Akl Sandid\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\\\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\\\/\",\"name\":\"\\u062d\\u0648\\u0643\\u0645\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0646\\u0627\\u0637\\u0642 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0627\\u0642\\u062a\\u0635\\u0627\\u062f\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u062e\\u0627\\u0635\\u0629 \\u0648\\u0627\\u0644\\u062e\\u0627\\u0644\\u0635\\u0629: \\u0625\\u0637\\u0627\\u0631 \\u0645\\u062a\\u0643\\u0627\\u0645\\u0644 \\u0644\\u0636\\u0645\\u0627\\u0646 \\u0627\\u0644\\u062a\\u0646\\u0645\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0633\\u062a\\u062f\\u0627\\u0645\\u0629 \\u0648\\u0627\\u0644\\u0633\\u064a\\u0627\\u062f\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0627\\u0642\\u062a\\u0635\\u0627\\u062f\\u064a\\u0629 - LICGEZ\",\"description\":\"\\u0645\\u0645\\u0627 \\u0644\\u0627 \\u0634\\u0643 \\u0641\\u064a\\u0647 \\u0623\\u0646 \\u0627\\u0644\\u062d\\u0648\\u0643\\u0645\\u0629 \\u0628\\u0627\\u062a\\u062a \\u062a\\u0645\\u062b\\u0644 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0625\\u0637\\u0627\\u0631 \\u0627\\u0644\\u062d\\u0627\\u0643\\u0645 \\u0644\\u062a\\u0635\\u0645\\u064a\\u0645 \\u0648\\u062a\\u0646\\u0641\\u064a\\u0630 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0633\\u064a\\u0627\\u0633\\u0627\\u062a \\u0627\\u0644\\u0627\\u0642\\u062a\\u0635\\u0627\\u062f\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0639\\u0627\\u0635\\u0631\\u0629\\u060c \\u0625\\u0630 \\u0644\\u0645 \\u062a\\u0639\\u062f \\u062a\\u0642\\u062a\\u0635\\u0631 \\u0639\\u0644\\u0649 \\u062a\\u0646\\u0638\\u064a\\u0645 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0623\\u062f\\u0627\\u0621 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0625\\u062f\\u0627\\u0631\\u064a\\u060c \\u0628\\u0644 \\u0627\\u0645\\u062a\\u062f\\u062a \\u0644\\u062a\\u0634\\u0643\\u0644 \\u0645\\u0646\\u0638\\u0648\\u0645\\u0629 \\u0645\\u062a\\u0643\\u0627\\u0645\\u0644\\u0629 \\u062a\\u0636\\u0628\\u0637 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0639\\u0644\\u0627\\u0642\\u0629 \\u0628\\u064a\\u0646 \\u062b\\u0644\\u0627\\u062b\\u064a\\u0629 \\u201c\\u0627\\u0644\\u062f\\u0648\\u0644\\u0629 -\\u0627\\u0644\\u0633\\u0648\\u0642 -\\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u062c\\u062a\\u0645\\u0639\\u201d.\\u062a\\u0632\\u062f\\u0627\\u062f \\u0623\\u0647\\u0645\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0647\\u0630\\u0627 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0641\\u0647\\u0648\\u0645 \\u0639\\u0646\\u062f \\u062a\\u0646\\u0627\\u0648\\u0644\\u0647 \\u0641\\u064a \\u0633\\u064a\\u0627\\u0642 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0646\\u0627\\u0637\\u0642 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0627\\u0642\\u062a\\u0635\\u0627\\u062f\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u062e\\u0627\\u0635\\u0629 \\u0648\\u0627\\u0644\\u0645\\u0646\\u0627\\u0637\\u0642 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0627\\u0642\\u062a\\u0635\\u0627\\u062f\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u062e\\u0627\\u0644\\u0635\\u0629\\u060c \\u0628\\u0627\\u0644\\u0646\\u0638\\u0631 \\u0625\\u0644\\u0649 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0637\\u0628\\u064a\\u0639\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0627\\u0633\\u062a\\u062b\\u0646\\u0627\\u0626\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0644\\u0647\\u0630\\u064a\\u0646 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0646\\u0638\\u0627\\u0645\\u064a\\u0646\\u060c \\u0633\\u0648\\u0627\\u0621\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/#website\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\\\/#breadcrumblist\"},\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/author\\\/dr-bilal-akl-sandid\\\/#author\"},\"creator\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/author\\\/dr-bilal-akl-sandid\\\/#author\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Governance-of-Special-and-Exclusive-Economic-Zones.webp\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\\\/#mainImage\",\"width\":1536,\"height\":1024,\"caption\":\"Governance of Special and Exclusive Economic Zones\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\\\/#mainImage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-05-04T10:22:15+02:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-05-04T11:04:24+02:00\"},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/\",\"name\":\"LICGEZ\",\"description\":\"Lebanese International Center For Governance of Economic Zones\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/licgez.org\\\/ar\\\/#organization\"}}]}\n\t\t<\/script>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro -->\r\n\t\t<title>\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 - LICGEZ<\/title>\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 - LICGEZ","description":"\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 -\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u201d.\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621","canonical_url":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"google-site-verification":"-ICK7lvVMp3msmLUOQyaq9X4M_DUGqCotpfmeUuqxZ0","miscellaneous":""},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/#blogposting","name":"\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 - LICGEZ","headline":"\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/author\/dr-bilal-akl-sandid\/#author"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/#organization"},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Governance-of-Special-and-Exclusive-Economic-Zones.webp","width":1536,"height":1024,"caption":"Governance of Special and Exclusive Economic Zones"},"datePublished":"2026-05-04T10:22:15+02:00","dateModified":"2026-05-04T11:04:24+02:00","inLanguage":"ar","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/#webpage"},"isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/#webpage"},"articleSection":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a, \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a, Dr. Bilal Akl Sandid"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/#breadcrumblist","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/#listItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/category\/publications-ar\/#listItem","name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/category\/publications-ar\/#listItem","position":2,"name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a","item":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/category\/publications-ar\/","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/#listItem","name":"\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629"},"previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/#listItem","name":"Home"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/#listItem","position":3,"name":"\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629","previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/category\/publications-ar\/#listItem","name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a"}}]},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/#organization","name":"LICGEZ","description":"The Lebanese International Center for Governance of Economic Zones (LICGEZ) is a specialized institution dedicated to promoting effective governance, transparency, and sustainability within Lebanon\u2019s economic and special zones. Through policy support, legal research, capacity building, and stakeholder engagement, LICGEZ works to create an enabling environment that attracts investment, fosters inclusive growth, and ensures regulatory excellence across economic governance frameworks.","url":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/","telephone":"+9616430980","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Licgez-LOGO.webp","@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/#organizationLogo","width":2173,"height":623,"caption":"Licgez-LOGO"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/#organizationLogo"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/author\/dr-bilal-akl-sandid\/#author","url":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/author\/dr-bilal-akl-sandid\/","name":"Dr. Bilal Akl Sandid","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/#authorImage","url":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Bilal-A.-Sandid-96x96.webp","width":96,"height":96,"caption":"Dr. Bilal Akl Sandid"}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/#webpage","url":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/","name":"\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 - LICGEZ","description":"\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 -\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u201d.\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621","inLanguage":"ar","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/#breadcrumblist"},"author":{"@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/author\/dr-bilal-akl-sandid\/#author"},"creator":{"@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/author\/dr-bilal-akl-sandid\/#author"},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Governance-of-Special-and-Exclusive-Economic-Zones.webp","@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/#mainImage","width":1536,"height":1024,"caption":"Governance of Special and Exclusive Economic Zones"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/#mainImage"},"datePublished":"2026-05-04T10:22:15+02:00","dateModified":"2026-05-04T11:04:24+02:00"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/#website","url":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/","name":"LICGEZ","description":"Lebanese International Center For Governance of Economic Zones","inLanguage":"ar","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/#organization"}}]},"og:locale":"ar_AR","og:site_name":"LICGEZ - Lebanese International Center For Governance of Economic Zones","og:type":"article","og:title":"\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 - LICGEZ","og:description":"\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 -\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u201d.\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621","og:url":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/","og:image":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Licgez-LOGO.webp","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Licgez-LOGO.webp","article:published_time":"2026-05-04T08:22:15+00:00","article:modified_time":"2026-05-04T09:04:24+00:00","twitter:card":"summary_large_image","twitter:title":"\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 - LICGEZ","twitter:description":"\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 -\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u201d.\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621","twitter:image":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Licgez-LOGO.webp"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"2294","title":"#post_title #separator_sa #site_title","description":"#post_excerpt","keywords":null,"keyphrases":{"focus":{"keyphrase":"","score":0,"analysis":{"keyphraseInTitle":{"score":0,"maxScore":9,"error":1}}},"additional":[]},"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":"","og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"BlogPosting","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":"default","schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":"-1","robots_max_videopreview":"-1","robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":"default","local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-05-04 09:28:10","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"open_ai":null,"ai":{"faqs":[],"keyPoints":[],"schemas":[],"titles":[],"descriptions":[],"socialPosts":{"email":[],"linkedin":[],"twitter":[],"facebook":[],"instagram":[]}},"created":"2026-05-04 08:49:03","updated":"2026-05-04 09:28:10"},"aioseo_breadcrumb":"<div class=\"aioseo-breadcrumbs\"><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t<a href=\"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/\" title=\"Home\">Home<\/a>\n<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t<a href=\"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/category\/publications-ar\/\" title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/a>\n<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\n<\/span><\/div>","aioseo_breadcrumb_json":[{"label":"Home","link":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/"},{"label":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a","link":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/category\/publications-ar\/"},{"label":"\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629","link":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae\/"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2294","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2294"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2294\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2294"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2294"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2294"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/licgez.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=2294"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}